Kutai Martadipura is patterned Hindu kingdom in the archipelago which has the oldest historical evidence. The kingdom is located in the Muara Kaman, East Kalimantan, precisely in the Mahakam River upstream. Kutai name was given by experts from the name of the discovery of an inscription, which indicates the presence of plaque kingdom. There is no inscription that clearly mentions the name of this kingdom, and indeed very little information can be obtained.
History
Yupa
The information was obtained from Yupa (the inscription used in sacrificial rites) which comes from the 4th century. There are seven yupa which is the source for experts in interpreting the history of the Kingdom of Kutai. From one of these yupa known that the king who ruled the kingdom of Kutai at that time was Mulawarman. His name is recorded in yupa for his philanthropy provides 20,000 cows to the Brahmins.
Mulawarman
Mulawarman is Aswawarman children and grandchildren of Kundungga. Name Mulawarman and Aswawarman very thick with the influence of the Sanskrit word when seen from the way of writing. Kundungga was an official of the Kingdom of Campa (Cambodia) which came to Indonesia. Kundungga allegedly had embraced Buddhism.
Aswawarman
Aswawarman is probably the first king of Kingdom of Kutai, a patterned Hindu. He is known as the founder of the Kutai dynasty, so given the title Wangsakerta which means forming a family. Aswawarman has 3 sons, and one of them is Mulawarman.
Aswawarman son is Mulawarman. From yupa note that in the reign of Mulawarman, Kutai experiencing the golden age. Territory is covering almost the entire region of East Kalimantan. People of Kutai live well and prosper.
The Kingdom of Kutai does not seem to appear again by the outside world because of lack of communication with the outside world, so the name of this kingdom is not popular.
The end of Kingdom of Kutai
The Kingdom of Kutai ended when it’s King, called the Maharaja Setia Dharma killed in battle were killed by the King Kutai Kartanegara 13th, Aji Mendapa Prince Panji Anum. Thing to note that the Kutai Kingdom (Kutai Martadipura) was different from Kutai Kartanegara Kingdom, which the first capital is in Kutai Lama (Tanjung Kute). Kingdom Kutai Kartanegara here in the year 1365, which is mentioned in the book titled Javanese literature Negarakertagama. Kutai Kartanegara further developed into the Islamic empire as Kutai Kartanegara Sultanate.
Names the King of the Kingdom of Kutai
1. Maharaja Kundungga, has a royal title anumerta Dewawarman
2. Maharaja Asmawarman (Kundungga’s son)
3. Maharaja Mulawarman
4. Maharaja Marawijaya Warman
5. Maharaja Gajayana Warman
6. Maharaja Tungga Warman
7. Maharaja Jayanaga Warman
8. Maharaja Nalasinga Warman
9. Maharaja Nala Parana Tungga
10. Maharaja Gadingga Warman Dewa
11. Maharaja Indra Warman Dewa
12. Maharaja Sangga Warman Dewa
13. Maharaja Candrawarman
14. Maharaja Sri Langka Dewa
15. Maharaja Guna Parana Dewa
16. Maharaja Wijaya Warman
17. Maharaja Sri Aji Dewa
18. Maharaja Mulia Putera
19. Maharaja Nala Pandita
20. Maharaja Indra Paruta Dewa
21. Maharaja Dharma Setia
Others
The name Maharaja Kundungga by historians interpreted as Indonesia's real name is not affected by the name of Indian culture. While his son is named Asmawarman allegedly had been influenced by Hindu culture. This is based on the fact that the word Warman comes from Sanskrit. The word is usually used to suffix the names of people or southern Indian population.
