House of Representatives (DPR abbreviated) is the high state institution in the Indonesian state administration system which is representative of the people and institutions in power law form. Parliament has a legislative function, budgets, and supervision.
Parliament consists of members of political parties contesting the general elections, which were chosen based on the results of general elections. Members of Parliament 2009-2014 period amounted to 560 people. Tenure of members of Parliament is 5 years old, and ends at the same time the new House members say the pledge.
History
In the Dutch colonial period, there is a kind of institution formation The Dutch parliament is called the Volksraad. On March 8, 1942 350 years Dutch colonial period was ending in Indonesia. Change of occupation of the Netherlands to Japan resulted in the Volksraad existence is not recognized automatically anymore, and Indonesia entered a period of struggle for Independence. History of the House of Representatives started since the establishment of the Central Indonesian National Committee (KNIP) by the President on August 29, 1945 at the Art Building, Pasar Baru Jakarta. KNIP inauguration date (29 August 1945) made the birthday of the Parliament. In the first trial KNIP elected leadership as follows:
Chairman: Mr. Kasman Singodimedjo
Vice Chairman I: Mr.. Sutardjo Kartohadikusumo
Second Vice Chairman: Mr. J. Latuharhary
Vice Chairman III: Adam Malik
Since the proclamation of August 17, 1945, the House of Representatives has experienced a period of 16 changes, including elected through general elections, namely in 1955, 1971, 1977, 1982, 1987, 1992, 1997, 1999, 2004, and 2009.
Duties and powers
Duties and powers of the Parliament, among others:
1. Act Establishing discussed with the President for approval together
2. Discuss and give approval of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law
3. Receive and discuss the draft proposals submitted DPD relating to specific areas and bring in the discussion
4. Setting the Budget with the President and taking into consideration the DPD
5. Carry out monitoring of the implementation of the Act, the state budget, as well as government policy
6. Selecting Audit Board members (taking into consideration the DPD)
7. Discuss and follow up the results of its investigation of financial responsibility submitted by the State Audit Board;
8. Give approval to the President on the appointment and dismissal of members of the Judicial Commission
9. Approval nominees proposed by the Judicial Commission to set as the Supreme Court justices by the President
10. Selecting three candidates for judges of the constitution and submit it to the President to set;
11. Giving consideration to the President to appoint ambassadors, accept the placement of other countries ambassadors, and to give consideration in the granting of amnesty and abolition
12. Give approval to the President to declare war, make peace, and treaties with other countries
13. Absorb, collect, hold and act on people's aspirations
14. With DPD considerations, DPR making the draft state budget laws and draft laws related to taxation, education, and religion;
15. Discuss and act on monitoring results submitted by the DPD on the implementation of laws on regional autonomy, establishment, expansion and merger of regions, central and local government relations, natural resources and other economic resources, implementation of the budget, taxes, education, and religion;
Rights
On the inherent rights of members of parliament and legislative adjudication of the rights of interpellation, inquiry rights, and rights of expression. Members of Parliament also has a right to file a bill, ask questions, give suggestions and opinions, to defend themselves, the right of immunity, and the right protocol.
According to Law No. 27 Year 2009 on the MPR, DPR, DPD, and DPRD, in carrying out duties and responsibilities, the House has the right to ask state officials, government officials, legal entities or citizens to provide information. If this request is not adhered to, it can apply force calls (in accordance with the laws and regulations). If the call is not met force without a legitimate reason, be held hostage concerned more than 15 days (in accordance with the laws and regulations).
Fittings
House fittings consist of: Chairman, Commission, National Council, National Legislation, Domestic Affairs Agency, the National Inter-Parliamentary Cooperation, Budget Committee, and other fittings needed.
Leadership
The position of leadership in the House of Representatives can be regarded as the Speaker of Parliament. General basic functions are symbolically represented in the House related to executive agencies, higher institutions of other countries and international institutions, as well as lead the way in general administrative institutions, including leading the plenary meetings and establish sanctions or rehabilitation.
Collective leadership of the House of Representatives consisting of: a chairman and vice chairman of 4 people elected from and by Members of Parliament in the House of Representatives plenary session.
Commission
The Commission is the primary work unit in the House of Representatives. Almost all activities related to the functions of Parliament, the substance is done in the commission. Each member of the House (except the leaders) must be a member of one commission. In general, charging the commission membership is closely related to the scientific background or mastery of the basic substance of the problem and they work at the commission.
In the period 2009-2014, the House has 11 commissions with the scope of duties and working partner of each:
1. Commission I, in charge of defense, foreign affairs, and information.
2. Commission II, responsible for domestic governance, regional autonomy, the state apparatus, and agrarian.
3. Commission III, in charge of law and legislation, human rights, and security.
4. Commission IV, responsible for agriculture, plantation, forestry, marine, fisheries, and food.
5. Commission V, in charge of communications, telecommunications, public works, public housing, rural development and left the area.
6. Commission VI, responsible for trade, industry, investment, cooperatives, small and medium enterprises), and state owned enterprises.
7. Commission VII, responsible energy, mineral resources, research and technology, and environment.
8. Commission VIII, responsible for religious, social and women's empowerment.
9. Commission IX, in charge of population, health, manpower and transmigration.
10. Commission X, in charge of education, youth, sports, tourism, arts, and culture.
11. Commission XI, in charge of finance, national development planning, banking, and non-bank financial institutions.
Consultative Body (Bamus)
Bamus a miniature parliament. Most important decisions still being discussed by Parliament in Bamus first, before discussed in the Plenary Meeting as the highest forum in the Parliament that can change the decision Bamus. Bamus among others have set the task of Parliament, including the estimated completion time of a problem, as well as completion period and the priority bills). Bamus own formation by the Parliament through the beginning of Plenary Meeting of the membership of the House. Members Bamus numbered as many as one-tenth of the members of the House, based on balancing the number of members of each faction. Leadership Bamus directly held by the House leadership.
Budget Committee
House Budget Committee has a fundamental duty to the discussion of Revenues and Expenditures. Composition of the Budget Committee membership is set at the beginning of the membership of the House. Composition of the Budget Committee membership consists of all members of the Commission with respect to elements of the balance of the amount of faction members.
Honorary Board
Honorary Board (BK) DPR is the youngest fittings currently in the House. BK is one of the fittings that are temporary. Formation of BK in the Parliament is a response to the public spotlight on the performance of some bad council member, for example in terms of attendance and low levels of conflict of interest. BK Parliament conducting research and investigation of alleged violations committed by Members of Parliament, and ultimately provide a final report to the Chairman of the House recommendations for consideration to impose sanctions or rehabilitate the reputation of Members. Council meetings are closed and Honor. Duties of the Honorary Council considered finished after submit recommendations to the House leadership.
Agency Legislation (Baleg)
Agency Legislation (Baleg) is the fittings that were born after the House first change the 1945 Constitution, and was formed in 2000. Baleg main duties include: plan and arrange the order of priority programs and discussion of the bill for a period of membership of the House and each budget year. Baleg also to evaluate and improve discipline and code of ethics Parliament House members.
Legislation Board established the House in plenary meeting, and the composition of its membership is set at the beginning of the membership of Parliament based on the balance of the number of members of each faction. Legislation Board membership can not be incompatible with membership of the Commission Chairman, membership Household Affairs Agency (Burt), and membership of the Inter-Parliamentary Cooperation Agency (BKSAP).
Domestic Affairs Agency
Household Affairs Agency (Burt) House of Representatives serving House domesticity policy. One of the tasks related to financial / administrative board members is to assist the House leadership in the House domestic policy, including the welfare of Members and Employees of the Secretariat General of DPR based Consultative Body meeting.
Cooperation Agency of the Inter-Parliamentary.
Cooperation Agency of the Inter-Parliamentary cooperation with parliaments of other countries.
Special committee and working committee
If deemed necessary, the House of Representatives (DPR or fittings) may form a temporary committee. Special Committee Special committee is a committee formed by the House. Composition of membership of a special committee (special committee) established by the plenary session on the basis of balancing the number of members of each faction. Special Committee in charge of certain tasks set by the plenary session, and disbanded after the assignment period ends or because the task declared finished. Special Committee to further its performance is discussed in plenary session.
Working Committee
Working Committee is temporary work unit can be formed by the House fittings for efficient performance.
Secretariat General
To support the smooth implementation of the tasks the Parliament, the Parliament established a General Secretariat established by Presidential Decree, and personnel of Civil Servants. Secretariat General of the House of Representatives headed by a Secretary General who appointed and dismissed by presidential decree at the proposal of the House leadership. To improve the performance of institutions and assist in implementing the functions and duties in a professional Parliament, be appointed a number of experts / specialists as needed. The experts are under the coordination of the Secretariat General of Parliament.
Country Financial Accountability Board
Parliament in the beginning of the membership and the Parliament session beginning in making the composition and membership of the State Board of Financial Accountability (BAKN) consisting of at least seven people and at most nine people at the proposal of the DPR factions which would then be assigned to the plenary session with the task to review each examination findings Inspection Agency (BPK)
Members Immunity
Members of Parliament can not be prosecuted before the courts because of statements, questions / opinions expressed in writing or orally in the House meetings, as long as not contrary to the Rules and Regulations and codes of each institution. These provisions do not apply if the member concerned to announce an agreed matter in closed session or confidential matters concerning state secrets announcement.
Prohibition
Members of Parliament should not be concurrently as other state officials, judges in the judiciary, civil servants, members of the military and police, employees at state enterprises / enterprises or other entities that budget sourced from APBN / APBD. Members of Parliament are also not allowed to do structural work as an officer in private educational institutions, public accountants, consultants, advocates / attorneys, notaries, doctors and other employment practices in connection with the duties, authority, and rights as members of the House.
Investigation
If House members suspected of criminal acts, calling, inquiries, and investigations must get written approval from the President. This provision shall not apply if a member of the House of corruption crime and terrorism and caught his hand.
Composition
The composition of the House today is based on the composition of the 2009 election. Parliaments members are elected on the basis of these elections classify themselves into factions.
