Kalimantan is an island located north of the island of Java and west of Sulawesi Island. This big Island is shared by Brunei, Indonesia and Malaysia.
First name of the third largest island in the world is Warunadwipa, which means God of the Sea Islands. This island is often referred to Borneo, while areas in the territory of Indonesia called Kalimantan, while Malaysia's region called the Sarawak and Sabah. In addition, there is sultanate of Brunei. At first, Borneo was the name used by the colonial British and Dutch, while the name of the island of Borneo Indonesia is used by residents. In Indonesian, North Borneo is the name for the North Borneo (Sabah), but in the sense now of North Borneo is the northern part of East Kalimantan. So, in the broadest sense Kalimantan is the entire island of Borneo, while in the narrow sense Kalimantan is the Indonesian territory.
First name of the third largest island in the world is Warunadwipa, which means God of the Sea Islands. This island is often referred to Borneo, while areas in the territory of Indonesia called Kalimantan, while Malaysia's region called the Sarawak and Sabah. In addition, there is sultanate of Brunei. At first, Borneo was the name used by the colonial British and Dutch, while the name of the island of Borneo Indonesia is used by residents. In Indonesian, North Borneo is the name for the North Borneo (Sabah), but in the sense now of North Borneo is the northern part of East Kalimantan. So, in the broadest sense Kalimantan is the entire island of Borneo, while in the narrow sense Kalimantan is the Indonesian territory.
Etymology
First, the use of the word Borneo comes from the Sultanate of Brunei Darussalam which is a huge and wide empire (including Sarawak and parts of Sabah as part of Sabah is a region of the Mindanao- Sulu sultanate. The Portuguese traders called Borneo and used by the Europeans. According to kekawin Negarakertagama (1365) ancient kingdom of Brunei called Barune, so that some are calling Waruna Pura. But the natives call it pulo Klemantan.
Second. According to the Crowfurd Descriptive Dictionary of the Indian Island (1856), the Borneo is a kind of mango, so the Island of Borneo Island has the meaning as mango. But he added that it is part of the tale and does not popular
Third, According to Drs. B. Ch. Chhabra in the journal MBRAS Vol 3 Part XV p. 79 mentions the customs of ancient India with the name of the agricultural products like jewawut. In the language sanksekerta, Java Island comes from the word yawa, so the island was called yawadwipa. So based on that analogy, the island with a Sanskrit name Amra-dwipa has a meaning as the mango island.
Fourth, According to C. Hose and Mac Dougall stated that the word Kalimantan comes from 6 groups of local tribes. These tribes are Sea Dayak (Iban), Kayan, Kenyan, Klemantan, Munut, and Punan. In his essay, Natural Man, a Record from Borneo (1926), Hose C explained that Klemantan is the new name is used by the Malays.
Fifth, According to WH Treacher in the British Borneo in the journal MBRAS (1889), wild mangoes are not known in northern Borneo. In addition, Kalimantan was never known as an island that produces mango probably once called Sago Island because the word Lamantah is the original name of raw sago.
Sixth, According to Prof. Dr. Slamet Muljana in his book Srivijaya (LKIS 2006), the use of the word Kalimantan is not a native Melayu language, as is said of Malaya, melayu originating from India (Malaya which means mountain). Borneo or Klemantan derived from Sanskrit, Kalamanthana island where the air is very hot or burn (cal [a]: season, time and Manthan [a]: to burn). Because of the vocals a kala, and manthana according to custom does not spoken. Then Kalamanthana spoke as Kalmantan, which came to be called by the natives as Klemantan or Quallamontan that eventually reduced to Borneo.
Other Names of Kalimantan Island
Srivijaya Kingdom called Bakulapura, ie colony located in the northwest Borneo. Bakula in Sanskrit means tanjung tree (mismusops alengi) that Bakulapur had become the Melayu name Tanjungpura means the country / island tanjung tree that is the name of the Spanish Empire which is often used as the name of this island.
Kingdom of Majapahit in kakawin Negara Kertagama book written in 1365 called Tanjungnagara which also includes Philippines as Saludung (Manila) and the Sulu Archipelago.
Hikayat Banjar an ancient chronicle of South Kalimantan in the final chapter was written in 1663, but this text is derived from the manuscript text in Malays language with a much longer period, the era of the Hindu kingdom, in it called the island of Kalimantan with Malays name the island Hujung Tanah. The term Hujung Tanah appears on geomorphology of South Kalimantan region in ancient times that shaped peninsula which is formed from a series of Meratus Mountains jutting into the sea of Java. This situation is identical to the shape of the tip of the Malay Peninsula Johor State is often called Ujung Tanah in ancient Malays manuscripts. Peninsula Hujung Tanah is conflicting with the territory of Majapahit in East Java which later got the name Tanjungnagara which means the island is shaped headland / peninsula.
Nusa Kencana is the name the island of Borneo in the Ancient Java scripts as the King Jayabaya forecast at the end of the Majapahit kingdom era, regarding Java will be governed by the Japanese who came from the direction of Nusa Kencana, term for the area now a province of South Kalimantan. As proven before crossing to Java, the Japanese army first masters Banjarmasin, capital of Kalimantan at the time. Nusa Kencana is sometimes described as the Tanah Sabrang is a manifestation of State of Alengka which is primitive kingdom the giant residential land across Java. In the area of Tanah Sabrang is the term Tanah Dayak mentioned in the Maha Parwa manuscript.
"Banjar Island" is a term in the 17th century to describe the population of Gowa, Selaparang (Lombok), Sumbawa and Bima because these kingdoms have bilateral relations with the Sultanate of Banjar.
Big Java is a term from Marcopolo an explorer from Italy.
Jaba Daje means north of the island of Java (from the island of Madura) Madurese terms of the new Borneo Island in the 20th century.
Srivijaya Kingdom called Bakulapura, ie colony located in the northwest Borneo. Bakula in Sanskrit means tanjung tree (mismusops alengi) that Bakulapur had become the Melayu name Tanjungpura means the country / island tanjung tree that is the name of the Spanish Empire which is often used as the name of this island.
Kingdom of Majapahit in kakawin Negara Kertagama book written in 1365 called Tanjungnagara which also includes Philippines as Saludung (Manila) and the Sulu Archipelago.
Hikayat Banjar an ancient chronicle of South Kalimantan in the final chapter was written in 1663, but this text is derived from the manuscript text in Malays language with a much longer period, the era of the Hindu kingdom, in it called the island of Kalimantan with Malays name the island Hujung Tanah. The term Hujung Tanah appears on geomorphology of South Kalimantan region in ancient times that shaped peninsula which is formed from a series of Meratus Mountains jutting into the sea of Java. This situation is identical to the shape of the tip of the Malay Peninsula Johor State is often called Ujung Tanah in ancient Malays manuscripts. Peninsula Hujung Tanah is conflicting with the territory of Majapahit in East Java which later got the name Tanjungnagara which means the island is shaped headland / peninsula.
Nusa Kencana is the name the island of Borneo in the Ancient Java scripts as the King Jayabaya forecast at the end of the Majapahit kingdom era, regarding Java will be governed by the Japanese who came from the direction of Nusa Kencana, term for the area now a province of South Kalimantan. As proven before crossing to Java, the Japanese army first masters Banjarmasin, capital of Kalimantan at the time. Nusa Kencana is sometimes described as the Tanah Sabrang is a manifestation of State of Alengka which is primitive kingdom the giant residential land across Java. In the area of Tanah Sabrang is the term Tanah Dayak mentioned in the Maha Parwa manuscript.
"Banjar Island" is a term in the 17th century to describe the population of Gowa, Selaparang (Lombok), Sumbawa and Bima because these kingdoms have bilateral relations with the Sultanate of Banjar.
Big Java is a term from Marcopolo an explorer from Italy.
Jaba Daje means north of the island of Java (from the island of Madura) Madurese terms of the new Borneo Island in the 20th century.
Kalimantan in Name
Sarekat Kalimantan, a fusion of Marabahan Youth Unity with local youth organizations in South Kalimantan. Kalimantan Raya, a newspaper published in the city of Banjarmasin by AA Hamidhan on March 5, 1942.
Zuider en Ooster Afdeeling van Borneo, the South and East from Kalimantan island, which covers an area of South Kalimantan, Central Kalimantan and East Kalimantan, which was ruled by a resident until 1942 its capital in the city of Banjarmasin.
Zuider en Ooster Afdeeling van Borneo, the South and East from Kalimantan island, which covers an area of South Kalimantan, Central Kalimantan and East Kalimantan, which was ruled by a resident until 1942 its capital in the city of Banjarmasin.
History
Early History
Borneo Island is located in the middle of Southeast Asia, because that island is a lot of cultural and political influence of the surrounding islands. Around the year 400 the island of Borneo has been in historical ages with the discovery of the Yupa inscription. This inscription is historical evidence of Kutai Kingdom. Although already entered the historical age but the development progress of civilization on the island of Borneo is relatively more slowly than the other islands, this is due to geographical constraints and the small population.
In the year 1362 Majapahit kingdom under the leadership of Mahapatih Gajah Mada to expand his power to the island of Borneo, covers an area: Kapuas, Katingan, Sampit, Kota Ungga, Kota Waringin, Sambas, Lawai, Kadandangan, Landa, Samadang, Tirem, Sedu, Barune, Kalka, Saludung, Solot, Pasir, Barito, Sawaku, Tabalong, Tanjung Malano, Kutei and remain the most important on the island Tanjungpura.
In the colonial period Dutch East Indies, the Kalimantan island known as Borneo. This does not mean the name of Kalimantan is not known. In the letters Prince Tamjidillah from the Kingdom of Banjar in 1857 to the Dutch Residents in Banjarmasin he mentions Kalimantan Island, rather than the island of Borneo. This shows that among the population, the name Kalimantan is better known than the name of Borneo that is used in the administration of the Dutch East Indies colonial administration. Kalimantan name became popular again around the 1940's.
In The Government United States of Indonesia
After taking over from the Japanese island of Borneo, NICA urged the Federal Borneo to immediately establish State of Borneo after State of East Indonesia that has stood. Thus was formed Council of West Kalimantan on October 28, 1946. This state became the Special Region of West Kalimantan on May 27, 1947; with the Regional Head, Sultan Hamid II of Pontianak Sultanate with the rank of Major General. This region consists of 13 autonomous kingdoms as the Dutch East Indies era covers an area of Sambas, Pontianak, Mempawah, Landak, Kubu, Tayan, Meliau, Sekadau, Sintang, SELIMBAU, Simpang, Sukadana and Matan.
Great Dayak Council was formed on December 7, 1946, and later on January 8, 1947 established Council Pagatan, Laut Island Council and House of Cantung Sampanahan who joined the Federation of East Kalimantan. Then on February 18, 1947 formed the Council of Sand and Federation of East Kalimantan, which on August 26, 1947 to join the Council of East Kalimantan. Next East Kalimantan Region changed to Special Region of East Kalimantan by Head of Region Parikshit Sultan Aji from Kutai Sultanate with the rank of Colonel. Banjar area who have finally caught the federal district was formed Council of Banjar dated January 14, 1948.
Governor of Borneo in the government of Indonesia in Yogyakarta, the Prince Muhammad Noor, send Cilik Riwut and Hasan Basry in the mission to defend the independence struggle against the power of NICA. On May 17, 1949, Lt. Col. Hassan Basry as Governor Army Navy Area Defense IV Kalimantan makes statements Proclamation of Kalimantan which states that Kalimantan still an integral part of the Republic of Indonesia which was proclaimed on August 17, 1945. This government is a game effort against the formation of Banjar Council founded the Dutch.
In the United States government of the Republic of Indonesia, Kalimantan into several units of state is:
1. Special Region of West Kalimantan
2. Special Region of East Kalimantan
3. Dayak Besar
4. Banjar area
5. Federation of East Kalimantan
Since 1938, Kalimantan Dutch East Indies (Borneo) is a unit of administrative regions under a governor, which is located in Banjarmasin, and has representatives in Volksrad. Vice Kalimantan in Volksrad:
1. Prince Muhammad Ali (sebelum 1935)
2. Prince Muhammad Noor (1935-1939)
3. Mr. Tadjuddin Noor
Kalimantan’s Governor
1. Dr. A. Haga (1938-1942),
2. Pangeran Musa Ardi Kesuma (1942-1945),
3. Ir. Pangeran Muhammad Noor (2 September 1945),
4. dr. Moerjani (14 Agustus 1950),
5. Mas Subarjo (1953-1955),
Raden Tumenggung Arya Milono (1955-1957),
The re-establishment Kalimantan province on August 14, 1950 after the dissolution of the RIS, celebrated as the anniversary of South Kalimantan Province (formerly called the province of Kalimantan, one of the first provinces). Until the year 1956 Borneo is divided into 3 provinces, namely South Kalimantan, East Kalimantan, and West Kalimantan. Furthermore, on May 23, 1957, officially formed the Central Kalimantan province formerly known as Big as the Dayak Regional separation of South Kalimantan, stood a 17th province to an independent.
